There are several types of primary bone cancer, namely:
* Osteosarcoma
* Kondrosarkoma
* Ewing's sarcoma
* Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
* fibrosarcoma
* kordoma
Osteosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma kondrosarkoma is a type of bone cancer that most commonly diagnosed. Other types of cancers can occur in the bones is the lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Most lymphomas develop in lymph nous, but can begin in the bone. Multiple myeloma can affect the bone marrow cells, bone cells rather than actual, so it is more often classified not as an actual bone cancer.
Causes of Bone Cancer
Although the exact cause is not known about the occurrence of bone cancer, the researchers found that genetic factors may increase the risk of bone cancer. Examples of genetic factors that may increase the risk of bone cancer are:
* Multiple exostoses
* Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
* Genetic retinoblastoma
* Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Adults who have Paget's disease are at high risk for developing bone cancer.
Radiation treatment has ever been done before can be associated with bone cancer. These correlations were strongest when radiation therapy is given during childhood. But that does not mean that radiation therapy is used in the treatment of cancer into something dangerous or unsafe. For people who have cancer, radiation therapy benefits outweigh the risks that arise. This risk is not included in the radiation exposure is continuous with the x-ray.
Bone Cancer Symptoms
Symptoms that appear may vary depending on the type of bone cancer, but the most common is pain. Bone cancer more common in long bone shape (arms and legs), so that these places are the most often feel pain. Not all bone tumors are cancerous, but some are benign. Bone pain generally indicates that the tumor was benign. Some symptoms of bone cancer include:
* Swollen joints and inflammation
* Bone fractures caused by fragile bones
Non-specific symptoms such as fever, weight loss, severe fatigue, and anemia can also be a symptom of bone cancer, but can also be an indicator of other diseases.
Bone Cancer Diagnosis
The combination of several symptoms with some findings during the physical test may be a reference to the existence of bone cancer, but it takes some extra tests to take a definite conclusion.
Imaging tests such as x-rays, MRIs and CT scans, to help identify any bone abnormalities. A bone scan can identify areas of bone that has a new bone growth or fracture.
Biopsy is a method in place to mengkonformasi whether there is cancer or not. Bone biopsy is done by taking a bit of bone tissue and then observed under a microscope. Generally lasts less than an hour and can be performed while the patient ambulatory.
Perform biopsies in people suffering from primary bone cancer can be more difficult, this is because of the possibility the cancer would have spread during the procedure. A biopsy should be performed by surgeons who are quite experienced in dealing with primary bone cancer.
If the cancer has been found, it is then carried out by patologist staging. Staging is based on the type of bone cancer. Ideally, patologist the test sample is also experienced in diagnosing bone cancer. Many types of bone cancer is not common, it is helpful if the work is done in a team with experience in dealing with bone cancer. Collection team consisting of doctors hemato oncology, radiation oncology, radiology, surgical oncology, orthopedic oncology and pathology will be very helpful in dealing with this case.
Bone Cancer Treatment
There are three standard forms of primary bone cancer treatment: surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Sometimes it takes a combination therapy of three. Treatment depends on the type of cancer, the rate of spread, or metastasize, and other health factors.
Surgery: Bone cancer is generally treated with surgery. Surgery performed on the cancer has not spread and remove tissue and cancerous tissue around it. Some tumors may still require chemotherapy or radiation in addition to surgery.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses a specific radiation energy to shrink tumors or eliminate cancer cells. Radiation therapy works by damaging the DNA of cells, so that cells unable to grow. Although radiation therapy can damage healthy cells around it, the cancer cells more sensitive to radiation and will die when irradiated. surrounding healthy cells will be damaged by radiation, but they will soon recover.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is often given for the treatment of bone cancer. Chemotherapy drugs work by eliminating cells that have the speed in the divide, such as cancer cells. However, there are several types of normal cells that also have properties such as the cells rapidly divide the hair. So sometimes chemotherapy causes hair loss. read more
